A federal judge has ruled that the Trump administration cannot withhold federal funding from Boston, Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, and 30 additional cities and counties due to their policies limiting cooperation with federal immigration authorities.

US District Judge William Orrick in San Francisco extended a preliminary injunction late Friday, blocking the administration from cutting off or conditioning federal funds to so-called sanctuary jurisdictions.

Judge Orrick’s earlier ruling had already protected more than a dozen cities and counties, including San Francisco, Portland, and Seattle. The Trump administration has intensified pressure on these communities to fulfill President Trump’s campaign pledge to remove millions of undocumented immigrants from the United States.

One of Trump’s executive orders directs Attorney General Pam Bondi and Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem to withhold federal funding from jurisdictions deemed to be “sanctuary” areas. Another order mandates that all federal agencies ensure that any payments to state and local governments do not support policies that shelter undocumented immigrants from deportation.

The cities and counties challenging the administration argued that billions of dollars in federal funding were at risk if the orders were enforced. Attempts to reach the White House for comment late Friday were not immediately returned.

In May, the Department of Homeland Security released a list of more than 500 sanctuary jurisdictions, notifying each that they were considered noncompliant with federal immigration directives. The department also indicated it would flag any localities believed to be violating federal criminal statutes. However, the list was later removed from the DHS website after critics noted that it included jurisdictions that had actively supported the administration’s strict immigration policies.

The Justice Department has also filed lawsuits against New York, Los Angeles, and other cities over sanctuary policies. While there is no strict legal definition of a sanctuary city, the term generally refers to areas that limit cooperation with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), which enforces immigration laws nationwide but relies on state and local authorities to identify and detain immigrants subject to deportation.